New Testament · Person profile

Peter

Also identified as Simon, Cephas

Peter is a fisherman called into Jesus’ closest circle. The Gospels show both bold confession and dramatic failure; Acts then presents him as a leading witness in Jerusalem and in the opening of the mission to Gentiles.

Why this person matters

Peter in the larger story

Peter stands at several narrative turning points: identifying Jesus, denying him, preaching at Pentecost and entering Cornelius’ house. Paul’s letters also preserve moments of cooperation and conflict.

Key moments and where to read them

  1. Confession at Caesarea Philippi

    Peter identifies Jesus as Messiah and is immediately corrected about the path ahead.

    Mark 8:27–33
  2. Denial and restoration

    Peter denies knowing Jesus; John later frames a threefold commission beside the sea.

    Luke 22:54–62 · John 21:15–19
  3. Cornelius’ household

    A vision and encounter challenge Peter’s boundaries around Gentile inclusion.

    Acts 10–11

Primary reference trail

Matthew 4:18–20 · Matthew 16:13–23 · Luke 22:31–34 · John 21 · Acts 1–12 · Galatians 1–2 · 1 Peter 1:1

The references above locate the profile’s central claims. They are not a concordance of every possible allusion or later tradition concerning Peter.